Extradition is the legal process of returning a fugitive to the jurisdiction of another state, country, or government for criminal charges.
Thailand currently has Extradition Treaties with 14 countries:
- The USA-Thailand Extradition Treaty
- The Thailand-UK Extradition Treaty
- The Thai - Indonesia Extradition Treaty
- The Belgium-Thailand Extradition Treaty
- And extradition treaty with Canada
- the China-Thailand Extradition Treaty
- the Thai-South Korea Extradition Treaty
- the Philippines-Thailand Extradition Treaty
- the Thai-Laos Extradition Treaty
- the Thai-Cambodia Extradition Treaty
- the Thailand-Malaysia Extradition Treaty
- the Bangladesh-Thailand Extradition Treaty
- the extradition treaty with Fiji
- Thailand’s agreement with Australia based a treaty signed between Britain and Thailand in the 1900s.
Extradition proceedings in Thailand are governed by the Extradition Act of 2551, but are also dependant on the provisions of international treaties. In the event that there is no treaty, Thailand domestic law (in other words, the Thailand Extradition Act of 2551) applies.
In Thailand, an extradition request must meet certain requirements to be granted with Thailand’s full cooperation. These requirements include:
- The offense for which the individual has been charged is not political in nature.
- The nature of the offense cannot be exclusively related to the military
- The extradition of the individual, if approved, will not violate any other Thai laws in place
- That there does not exist a final court judgment from the country requesting the extradition that the individual involved has been determined innocent; that the individual has not been granted amnesty from prosecution; that the individual has not already served punishment for the offense; and that the individual has not been in any way precluded for prosecution of the offense.
In certain cases, Thailand may refuse to detain the individual in question.
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